雅思听力技巧同义替换

雅思听力技巧同义替换。同义替换是听力也是整个雅思考试的重要考点，也是雅思听力快速提分的秘诀。对于同义替换并不建议去背诵谁等于谁的词汇表，下面是小编整理的雅思听力技巧同义替换，希望能帮到你!

雅思听力同义词替换集锦

常见同义词替换：

1、培养：Develop, cultivate, foster

2、优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

3、缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness

4、解决：Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle

5、损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize

6、给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford

7、使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle

8、重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative

9、认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced.

10、保护：Protect, conserve, preserve

11、确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge

12、有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental

13、要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition

14、消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away

15、导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate

16、因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this

17、增长至：Grow to, rise to, increase to, go up to, climb to, ascend to, jump to, shoot to

18、降低至：Dip to, fall to, decline to, decrease to, drop to, go down to, reduce to, slump to, descend to, sink to, slide to

19、保持稳定：Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out

20、急剧地：Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially, considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly, noticeably

21、平稳地：Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly

22、发展：Development, advance, progress

23、有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous

24、影响：Influence, impact, effect

25、对比而言：By contrast, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely

26、展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe

27、明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear

28、占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose

29、与…相比：Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison with, by comparison to

30、大约：Approximately, almost, about, around, nearly, roughly

31、波动：Fluctuate, go ups and downs, display a fluctuation, demonstrate a fluctuation

32、事实上：Practically, in practice, essentially, in essence, in reality, in effect, in fact, as a matter of fact, it is a fact that

33、换言之：Namely, that is to say, in other words, to put it like this, to put it differently, to put it from another way, to put it from another angle

雅思听力同义替换技巧

一、同义替换

同义替换是听力选择题的核心考点，多选题肯定也不例外，同义互换给考生造成的疑惑点也可想而知，如果没有听懂原文的意思，那么很难将原文相应内容与选项内容对应上，也就直接导致答案选不对甚至直接感觉答案都没在听力原文里出现过。多选题和单选题很像，同义替换的位置不仅会在选项上，同样也会在题干里面，而且同义替换的方式多变。

比如，剑桥4 Test2 Section3的第25, 26两题：

What TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss?

A. the data is sometimes invalid

B. Too few people may respond

C. It is less likely to reveal the unexpected

D. In can only be used with literate populations

E. There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaire

原文：

…………

ROSA: No, I'm sure it talked drawbacks as well, didn't it? Something about the response rate and the problems you get if it's too low. (B)

MICK: Yeah, but we only need data from five subjects anyway.

ROSA: I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentioned was that questionnaire data tends not to reveal anything unexpected (C), because it is……

我们不难发现，问题当中的disadvantage这个词，换成了drawback, 还有选项B中的few替换成了too low。这些同义替换都是最基本的近义词、同义词间的互换。

而且这些同义替换都是常见的，重复出现的，所以难度不大。对于这样的题目或者说这样的同义替换，考生们肯定要在平时多积累常见的同义替换的单词、词组，多去延伸某一个单词的近义词、同义词。就拿上面那个例子当中disadvantage=drawback的同义替换来说，在剑桥3、剑桥7、剑桥9当中出现了至少4次。

当然也有同义替换难度比较大的，比如：剑桥6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三题：

Which THREE of the following problems are mentioned in the connection with 20th century housing in the East End?

A. Unsympathetic landlords

B. Unclean water

C. Heating problems

D. High rents

E. Over crowing

F. Poor standards of building

G. Houses catching fire

答案C, E, F在文中对应的内容为：

Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built. (F)

Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. (C)

A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles. (E)

这样的同义替换是一种概括总结型的同义替换，这样的替换方式没有办法死记，因为每次替换的内容都可以不一样，不像近义词同义词的对等替换，概括总结型的同义替换是一种从属性质的替换，选项在意思上将原文内容意思高度概括，从而达到一种对应，这样的替换不仅要求考生听懂原文当中句子的意思，而且还要有同义互换的主动意识，也就是说要能够在听懂意思的基础上积极主动的去思考听懂的信息是否与某个选项匹配。否则，很多考生就会听懂原文意思，但没有反应过来听懂的意思可以和哪个选项对应。

二、干扰

干扰其实不仅在多选题当中有，单选题、填空题都会有干扰。在多选题中，干扰大多是选项内容与听力原文中的内容部分甚至完全相同，但从符合题意的角度，该选项不能作为正确选项。

简单说来就是听到但不能选。同义替换已经很难了，为什么还要设计干扰作为另外一个难点?因为有时候同义替换的难度不够酸爽，再配上干扰，这样对于剑桥来说就完美了!干扰的情况在多选题当中比较容易判断，可以大致分为所有选项干扰、部分选项干扰以及问题条件干扰。

首先以剑桥5 Test1 Section1的第5, 6两题为例：

Which TWO things are included in the price of the tour?

A. Fishing trip

B. Guided bushwalk

C. Reptile park entry

D. Table tennis

E. Tennis

这题就是上面说的所有选项干扰的一题，根据听力原文You guide will take anyone who is interested either on a bushwalk through the national park near the hotel, and there's no extra charge for that, or on a fishing trip. That's an extra $12 I think. And there is also a reptile park in town-that costs more or less the same. And if you just want to relax, you are free to sit by the hotel pool or go down the beach. Oh, they also have tennis courts at the hotel, but you have to pay for those by the hour. But there are table tennis tables downstairs, and they are part of the accommodation package…… A-E所有5个选项在听力原文当中都出现了，如果没有听懂意思，而只是听单词，这题难度就很大了，所以一定要关注符合题目“are included in the price of the tour”要求的选项。

这种所有选项干扰的情况可以在审题的时候就预判出来，一般选项内容简单且不太容易做同义替换的时候，很容易出现所有选项都在听力中重现的情况，如果考生们能在审题时发现这一点，从而提醒自己一定不能再听到什么就选什么，一定要关注符合问题内容的信息，这样做对的几率会大大增加。

值得注意的是，在选项全部在听力原文中重现的这种多选题中，并非同义替换就不存在了，只是不在选项上了，同义替换的位置很有可能会在题干当中，如上题，“are included in the price of the tour”就被替换成了2种说法“no extra charge”和“part of the accommodation package”，且后一种同义替换的难度非常大，很多烤鸭都没有反应过来这是住宿打包费用的一部分的意思，也就是费用已包含的意思。

其实，如果所有选项都在听力中重现，还可以用排除法去剔除错误选项，剩下的就是正确选项了，也就是说就算不知道“part of the accommodation package”的意思选不出E来，也应该知道D. table tennis是需要pay by the hour的，也就是和“are included in the price of the tour”意思相反，A,C选项也可以用同样的方式剔除。

再以刚刚提过的剑桥6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三题为例：

其实这题的难度远不止正确选项C, E, F的同义替换，如果我们看看所有选项以及题目相关的所有听力内容就不难发现，其实这题也有干扰，这种情况就是上面说的部分选项干扰，即不是所有选项都出现，只是其中几个选项出现，并且有的具有干扰功能：

A. Unsympathetic landlords

B. Unclean water

C. Heating problems

D. High rents

E. Over crowing

F. Poor standards of building

G. Houses catching fire

A-G 7个选项对应的所有听力原文内容为：

Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built, because there was no regulation. But the poor and needy were attracted by the possibility of work, and they had to be housed. It was the availability, rather than the condition, of the housing that was the major concern for tenants and landlords alike. Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. Of course, the smoke from these contributed a great deal to the air pollution for which London used to be famous. A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles.

不难发现，原文中有landlords一词，这个词也出现在了A选项中，构成了干扰，尤其对于没有听太清楚这个句子意思的考生，可能会想选A, 毕竟有个原文中出现的单词，其实在选项字比较多比较容易做同义替换的多选题当中，当有选项内容或者部分内容原文重现的时候，这样的选项不仅不能立刻认为正确，而且还要慎重考虑是否会是干扰;“the smoke from these contributed……”，很多同学也会因为这个部分而选择G, 因为前面说在房子里烧煤取暖，这里又说冒烟，联系起来自己脑补一下感觉可能是说房子容易由于烧煤取暖而着火冒烟，因此这里的G也是一个干扰，且这个干扰对于水平稍好，能听懂一部分内容而不是全部内容的同学来说尤其具有迷惑性，因为这个选项没有之前的干扰方式那么简单粗暴的就将原文重现，而是疑似做了一下同义替换，这是比较难的一种干扰选项的出现方式，即根据原文内容做了一部分的意思同义替换，但整个选项意思还是和原文不符的，这样的干扰选项的排除就需要考生听懂不止是某几个词，而是整句话。

最后以剑桥6 Test4 Section3的第28, 29, 30题为例：

这道多选题除了刚刚说的那些干扰和同义替换情况之外，还有另外一种干扰存在，这种干扰不是单纯利用选项和听力原文的相似性进行干扰，这种干扰还和问题有关，也就是上面所说的问题条件干扰：

Which THREE topics do this term's study skill workshop cover?

我们只看其中的选项A. An introduction to the Internet对应的听力原文的内容“the one for internet beginners was last term”和题目要求的this term相反，除此之外的部分与A选项的意思完全一样，就是时间限制让A选项成了错误项、干扰项。而且，通过总结发现，问题当中最常充当干扰内容的就是时间限制条件，且这样的干扰也会出现在单项选择题当中。因此，以后在问题当中看到表示时间限制的内容要多加小心，原文中可能会有另一个时间限制。

三、分类

当然，剑桥6 Test4 Section3的第28, 29, 30题可能不止是同义互换和干扰是难点，这个多选题难还因为题目的长度：

Which THREE topics do this term’s study skill workshop cover?

A. An introduction to the Internet

B. How to carry out research for a dissertation

C. Making good use of the whole range of library services

D. Planning a dissertation

E. Standard requirements when writing a dissertation

F. Using the Internet when doing research

G. What books and technical resources are available in the library

读完问题和7个选项的时间只有差不多10秒钟，这个时间显然不够，就算可以在规定时间内读完选项，在做题的时候，那么多文字内容在边听边要做出选择的时候也是一种巨大的挑战。所以，在做多选题的时候，如果能给选项分类，那就可以大大减小边听边找选项的压力，把需要看的选项缩小到一定范围。

不难发现，上题的7个选项可以分3类，一类里面有internet的A， F;一类是有dissertation的B， D， E;一类是有library的C， G， 这样一来，当听力中提到比如internet的时候，我们就不用每个选项都去看是否符合，只需要去看A， F， 这样大大减小了做题难度。

总之，从做题顺序角度而言，多选题的解题对策可以简单概括成：看分类，看干扰点，听同义替换。把握住这3点，多选题一下子褪去了复杂的外衣，漏出本质，更易得分。

雅思听力同义替换

Firstly， 数字替换。数字是必考点，除了听写以外也会有同义替换的情况出现。

其中一种类型是表示比例的数字替换

例如：剑五test1section4 40题 When investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in______.

录音原文：it is usually advised that at least 70% of a person’s savings should be in low-risk investments.

题中的a high proportion(一个很高的比例) 在录音中被替换成了70%，这是结合语境得出的同义替换，如果老师在单词表中给你70%=a high proportion，你一定觉得莫名其妙。因此要想更灵活的掌握同义替换，一定要结合语境，灵活掌握并不断积累。

数字替换的另一种常见类型：句子解释数词

例如：25-31 January

录音原文 they’ve put it at the end of the month.

日期区间1月25号到31号被描述成月末

Secondly，解释型替换。即用句子来解释词或短语的情况。这种同义替换需要同学们对句子有整体理解，对听句子和语法能力要求高一些，如果仅能听到或理解一部分词，将很难应对。

例如：剑十test2section2 12题

What is unusual about Brackenside pool?

原文内容：such as a recycling system – the only one of its kind in the world…

题干中unusual(与众不同的)在原文中被描述成世界唯一，属于句子解释单词的情况。

当然，也会出现名词的解释型替换

例如：剑四test3section2 14题

Where does Circus Romano perform?

A in a theatre

B in a tent

C in a stadium

录音原文：which is really like a canvas portable building, usually put up in a green space or car park. 通常被搭建在绿地或停车场的帆布材质的便携建筑。

通过句子翻译，描述的就是帐篷。所以此题选B

Lastly，反义替换。也相当于正话反说，属于同义替换中特殊的一种，可以用中文举个简单的例子，比如老师说：同学，你需要再胖一点儿。那么其实我的意思就是你太瘦了。在剑桥真题中也有很多类似的说法。

例如：剑四test4section3 28题

Experiment 2 _boring_

录音原文：The experiment needs to be more interesting and active.

这个实验需要变得更生动有趣一些，实际是觉得实验很无聊，等同于boring。

剑九test1section4 39题

1994 dolphin stranding – only the ___leader____ was ill

原文内容： Apart from the leader, all the others had been healthy 除了头领，其他海豚都是健康的。意思就是头领病了。所以此空填leader。

雅思听力窍门之学会同义词替换

Firstly， 数字替换。数字是必考点，除了听写以外也会有同义替换的情况出现。

其中一种类型是表示比例的数字替换

例如：剑五test1 section4 40题 When investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in______.

录音原文：it is usually advised that at least 70% of a person’s savings should be in low-risk investments.

题中的a high proportion(一个很高的比例) 在录音中被替换成了70%，这是结合语境得出的同义替换，如果老师在单词表中给你70%=a high proportion，你一定觉得莫名其妙。因此要想更灵活的掌握同义替换，一定要结合语境，灵活掌握并不断积累。

数字替换的另一种常见类型：句子解释数词

例如：25-31 January

录音原文 they’ve put it at the end of the month.

日期区间1月25号到31号被描述成月末

Secondly，解释型替换即用句子来解释词或短语的情况。这种同义替换需要同学们对句子有整体理解，对听句子和语法能力要求高一些，如果仅能听到或理解一部分词，将很难应对。

例如：剑十test2 section2 12题

What is unusual about Brackenside pool?

原文内容：such as a recycling system – the only one of its kind in the world…

题干中unusual(与众不同的)在原文中被描述成世界唯一，属于句子解释单词的情况。

当然，也会出现名词的解释型替换

例如：剑四test3section2 14题

Where does Circus Romano perform?

A in a theatre

B in a tent

C in a stadium

录音原文：which is really like a canvas portable building, usually put up in a green space or car park. 通常被搭建在绿地或停车场的帆布材质的便携建筑。

通过句子翻译，描述的就是帐篷。所以此题选B

Lastly，反义替换，也相当于正话反说，属于同义替换中特殊的一种，可以用中文举个简单的例子，比如老师说：同学，你需要再胖一点儿。那么其实我的意思就是你太瘦了。在剑桥真题中也有很多类似的说法

例如：剑四test4 section3 28题

Experiment 2 _boring_

录音原文：The experiment needs to be more interesting and active.

这个实验需要变得更生动有趣一些，实际是觉得实验很无聊，等同于boring。

剑九test1 section4 39题

1994 dolphin stranding – only the ___leader____ was ill

原文内容： Apart from the leader, all the others had been healthy 除了头领，其他海豚都是健康的。意思就是头领病了。所以此空填leader

雅思听力同义词替换技巧介绍：and

雅思听力考试过程中，为了增加难度许多词语并不会出现原词，就涉及到了同义词替换的技巧了。我们一起来看看最常见的单词and的雅思听力同义词替换是什么情况。

1. It is possible to hire _______ and _______.

Audio ｓｃｒｉｐｔs: And you can hire laptops ... as well as printers ... (6-1-3)

2. Cardboard, coloured pens and a _______.

Audio ｓｃｒｉｐｔs: ... and coloured each one in using different colours, then you thread a piece of string ... So we'd need some string as well. (4-4-3)

当然and还可以转换为together with, not only ... but also ...等等，但是无论怎么互换最后换到的词语都比and复杂，这个实际上变相的降低了听力的难度，因此在许多情况下，当试卷上出现and时，在听力中并不会做互换。换句话说，如果在试卷上看到了and，并且要填写的在and周围的话，我们就可以刻意去听and，这样也就出来了。

E.G.: Float dropped into ocean and _______by satellite.

Audio ｓｃｒｉｐｔs: Each of the floats is dropped in the ocean ... and activated from a satellite. (7-3-3)通过这个题目我们可以注意到，我们在填对这个的时候几乎都可以不用知道float, satellite甚至是activated的意思，只需要将and后面的动词写下来就可以了。这个大大增加了and这个词语的重要性。

E.G.: Swimming aids: fins and ______.

Audio ｓｃｒｉｐｔs: ... sharks are very quick swimmers. This is made possible by their fins, one set at the side ..., and the tail also help the shark move forward quickly. (4-4-4)我们发现在fins的后面加了一句解释的话，在听力过程中往往会导致听漏，但是后面出现的and就是非常好的而定位点。