托福法律类阅读

托福阅读考试当中，文章的不确定性让考生事先可能会准备不足。对于不同分类的词汇特性及用法都不太一样。如果想知道托福法律类阅读，不妨接着往下看……

托福法律类阅读

1、A New Zealand bar manager and two Myanmar colleagues were sentenced to two and a half years in jail in a Yangon court on Tuesday.

缅甸仰光一家法庭对一位新西兰籍酒吧经理和他的两名缅甸同事判处监禁两年零六个月。

Their offense?

他们犯了什么罪呢?

Posting a Facebook image of a Buddha wearing headphones to promote an event last December.

原来是他们去年12月在脸书上上传了一张佛祖头戴耳机的照片来宣传他们的一个活动。

According to the Myanmar Times, the trio were sentenced to two years in jail for insulting religion through written word or pictures and a further six months for breaching local authority regulations.

据《缅甸时报》报道，这三人被判处的刑期中，两年是因为使用文字或图片侮辱宗教，另外的六个月是因为违反当地法规。

2、Here's a sampling of reasons travelers might suddenly, surprisingly, find themselves in jail -- or at least forced to pay a fine -- according to the British Foreign & Commonwealth Office.

英国外交和联邦事务部用以下实例说明，旅客怎样神不知鬼不觉地犯了罪，或被迫缴纳罚金。

Netherlands: Don't carry or use drugs.

荷兰：不可携带或使用毒品。

While the Netherlands has a reputation for being tolerant on the use of so-called "soft drugs," this exists only for designated areas.

虽然荷兰被指对“软性毒品”的使用颇为宽容，但这仅限于指定地区。

Possession of prohibited substances or buying them can carry a prison sentence.

持有或购买违禁用品会被判刑。

Penalty: Arrest, detention.

处罚：逮捕，拘留。

3、Venice: Feeding the pigeons is against the law.

威尼斯：喂鸽子违法。

Penalty: Fine.

处罚：罚款。

4、Japan: It's illegal to bring some commonly available nasal sprays containing pseudoephedrine into Japan.

日本：不可携带含有假麻黄碱的喷鼻剂入境。

Penalty: Fine.

处罚：罚款。

5、Barcelona: It's against the law to wear a bikini, swimming trunks or to go bare-chested away from the beach-front area inBarcelona.

巴塞罗那：在巴塞罗那海滨地区，不可穿比基尼、泳裤或袒胸露乳。

Penalty: Fine.

处罚：罚款。

6、Italy(Florence): It's an offense to sit on steps and courtyards or to eat and drink in the immediate vicinity of churches and public buildings in Florence.

意大利(佛罗伦萨)：在佛罗伦萨，不可在教堂和公共建筑附近区域的台阶和庭院内落座，也不可进食。

Penalty: Large fine.

处罚：罚重金。

7、Nigeria: It's illegal to take mineral water into Nigeria.

尼日利亚：不可携带矿物质水入境。

Penalty: Fine, confiscation.

处罚：罚款，没收。

8、Sri Lanka: Another country that doesn't take kindly to its religion being insulted, whether the slight is intentional or not.

斯里兰卡：另一个无法容忍自己宗教被侮辱轻视的国家，不管是出于有意或无意。

Tourists have been arrested for mistreating Buddhist images and artifacts while taking photos, while one woman was reportedly arrested and deported for having a tattoo of Buddha.

曾有游客在为佛像拍照时因为不妥善对待佛祖肖像和史前文物而被捕。据报道，一女人因身上刻有佛祖纹身而被捕并驱逐出境。

托福阅读练习对犯罪和法律的态度

Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories，which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups(these attitudes include，but are not confined to，attitudes toward crime and　the law)and have revealed how the authorities administered justice.

=Historians/ such as Le Roy Ladurie/ have used the documents to extract case histories/，which have illuminated the attitudes/ of different social groups/ (these attitudes include/，but are not confined to/，attitudes toward crime and the law)/and have revealed/ how the authorities administered justice/.

#史学家/如Le Roy Ladurie/曾经利用这些文献去提取出个案史/，它们说明了态度/不同社会群体的/(这些态度包括/，但并非局限于/，对犯罪和法律的态度)/，并揭示出/当权者是如何妨碍司法的。

*这个句子本来很容易理解，但是在中间用括号加了一个句子，打乱了读者的思路，使句子的难度增加。但是我们知道括号中的内容是补充内容，也就是可有可无，没有它原句仍然成立，所以我们可以跳过括号看全句，读完再看括号中的内容。这个句子如果变成…which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups that include，but are not confined to，attitudes toward crime and　the law…难度又增加了，所以有些内容可以跳过，或者存放在脑中的另一部分，不去打扰句子的主要意思。

托福阅读法律类词汇

achievement n. 成就

about adv. 关于

absence from U.K 离开英国

academic a.专科院校的。研究院的;学术的

academic student 专科院校学生

address n.地址，住址

address for service(令状，传票的)送达地址

addresee n.收件人;收信人

addressor n.发件人;发信人

adjustment n.调整，适应

adjustment of status 调整身份

admission n. 入境

admission number 入境号码

admissible a. 可以接收的，可准入境的

adopt v.收养;正式通过

adopted children 养子女

advance n.前进。进行

advanced degree高等学位

affidavit n.宣誓书;正式书面陈述;保证书

affidavit of support经济担保书

affirmation n.证实。确认，誓言，事实的陈述

alien n·外籍者，外侨，外国人 a.外国的。异己的

amendment n. 修改。修定

apartment n.公富，寓所

applicant n.申请人，请求者

application n. 申请(书)，适用

application fee 申请费

application for admission 请求入境

approval n. 认可，赞同;核准，批准，许可

approval authority 核准权，批准权;批准机关

approval procedure 批准程序，审核手续

approve v. 批准;核准;许可，赞同，同意

arrival n. 到达，来到;到达者

arrival card 入境证

arrival record 入境记录

attorney n. 律师

available a. 可适用的，可达到的，合用的