初级商务英语的阅读理解题

这里讲的泛读是指广泛阅读大量涉及不同领域的书籍，要求读得快、理解和掌握书中的主要内容就可以了。如果想知道初级商务英语的阅读理解题，不妨接着往下看……

初级商务英语的阅读理解题

Students of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social condition that affected the status of women. These historians, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United State have been obscured because, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as “solitary” and “individual theorists” were in reality connected to a movement — utopian socialism — which was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated in the first women’s rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism.

The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the group’s contribution to early socialism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents’ energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to saint-simonianism European historians’ appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited.

Saint-Simon’s followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their utopia.

Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinction. This minority believe that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life.

1. It can be inferred that the author consider those historians who describe early feminists in the United States as “solitary” to be

[A] insufficiently familiar with the international origins of nineteenth-century American feminist thought.

[B] overly concerned with the regional diversity of feminist ideas in the period before 1848.

[C] not focused narrowly enough in their geographical scope.

[D] insufficiently aware of the ideological consequences of the Seneca Falls conference.

2. The author’s attitude toward European historians who have studied the Saint-Simonians is primarily one of

[A] approval of the specific focus of their research.

[B] disapproval of their lack of attention to the issue that absorbed most of the Saint-Simonians’ energy after 1832.

[C] approval of their general focus on social conditions.

[D] disapproval of their lack of attention to links between the Saint-Simonians and their American counterparts.

3. The author mentions all of the following as characteristic of the Saint-Simonians EXCEPT

[A] The group included many women among its members.

[B] The group believed in a world that would be characterized by sexual equality.

[C] The group was among the earliest European socialist groups.

[D] Most members believed that women and men were inherently similar in ability and character.

4. It can be inferred from the text that the Saint-Simonians envisioned a utopian society having which of the following characteristics?

[A] It would be worldwide.

[B] It would emphasize dogmatic religious principles.

[C] It would most influence the United States.

[D] It would have armies composed of women rather than of men.

5. According to the text, which of the following would be the most accurate deｓｃｒｉｐｔion of the society envisioned by most Saint-Simonians?

[A] A society in which women were highly regarded for their extensive education.

[B] A society in which the two genders played complementary roles and had equal status.

[C] A society in which women did not enter public life.

[D] A social order in which a body of men and women would rule together on the basis of their spiritual power.

初级商务英语考试阅读理解答题技巧

1. 掌握一定的商务英语词汇、短语和句型。

(1)词汇方面

如commercials指广播、电视或电影院中播放的广告，还可指商业公司的股票。例如：

The TV show was interrupted by too many commercials.

电视节日被太多的广告给打断。

(2)短语方面

如soft selling软推销，指一种使用静悄悄的，不引人注意的诱导手段推销商品的方法，是一种“间接的”销售方法。与hard selling相对。hard selling是“商接的”销售方法，通过不断重复产品的名称及其优秀的品质，使用一些有力的，但不一定受欢迎的手段去推销产品。例如：

Some salespeople adopt a direct‘hard sell’approach, while others use a more indirect‘soft sell’approach.有些商人采用直接的“硬销售法”，而有的商人使用更间接的“软销售法”。

(3) 句型方面

有必要掌握一些国际商务英语中常用的句型，例如：

We are writing in connection with„ 今来函关于„„

I noted with interest your advertisement for...我饶有兴致地读到贵公司„„的广告。 Yes, that’s true，but on the other hand，„没错，但另一方面„„

That’s exactly what I think.这和我不谋而合。

Maybe.but don’t you think„?也许吧，但是你认为„„如何?

这些句型看似简单，但要做到在从事国际商务活动中对这些常用句型信于拈米也非易事。平时要多积累这样一些非常实用的句型和短语。又例如：

You are wanted on the phone. 有你的电话。

As requested.we enclose„for your attention.应贵方要求，今随函寄上„„请查收。

(4) 旧词“新义”

有些单词，可能学生早已学过，但在商务环境下，意思有所不同。那么，对他们来说便是新单词，必须同样牢记。例如：

protest 拒付(票据等)

The cheques he issued were a all protested.他开出的支票均遭拒付。

honour 承兑

All credit cards honoured here. 各种信用卡这里均通用。

protect 备款以支付„„

We hope you will duly protect our draft on presentation.望贵方在汇票提示时及时予以兑付。

factor 独立代理商。在英国，factor是一种特殊代理人，受他人委托进行贸易活动，收取佣金，佣金的多少取决于其业绩。

The factor is active in financing product imports to the US. 该代理商为产品输入美国积极筹资。

royalty 专利/版权等的使用费;提成费;特权。

Besides copyright，the writer got a 10-percent royalty on sales. 除拥有版权外，作者得到百分之十的版税。

(5) 同义词、近义词、相似词的辨析

国际商务英语学习者往往对一些商务英语中的同义词、近义词、相似词分辨不清，特别是在工作中由于选词不当，造成误解。例如，credit card(信用卡)与letter of credit(信用证)之间其实毫无关系，但有的学生不知其问的差别。又如，quotation和offer都有“报价”的意思，有什么区别呢?再如，表示公司的英语单词有不少，如：firm，company，corporation，branch，incorporation subsidiary，affiliated company等，它们之间意思有何不同?又如，B/L和B/E有什么差别呢?对这样一些词之间的差别，商务英语学生应该明白。

初级商务英语考试阅读理解答题攻略

1.快速泛读(fast extensive reading)

平时要养成快速泛读的习惯。这里讲的泛读是指广泛阅读大量涉及不同领域的书籍，要求读得快、理解和掌握书中的主要内容就可以了。要确定一个明确的读书定额，定额要结合自己的实际，切实可行，可多可少。例如每天读20页，一个学期以18周计算，就可以读21本中等厚度的书(每本书约120页)。

2.计时阅读(timed reading)

课余要养成计时阅读的习惯。计时阅读每次进行5～10分钟即可，不宜太长。因为计时快速阅读，精力高度集中，时间一长，容易疲劳，精力分散反而乏味。阅读时先记下“起读时间”(starting time)，阅读完毕，记下“止读时间”(finishing time)，即可计算出本次阅读速度。随手记下，长期坚持，必定收到明显效果。

3.略读(skimming)

略读又称跳读(reading and skipping)或浏览(glancing)，是一种专门的，非常实用的快速阅读技能。所谓略读，是指以尽可能快的速读阅读，如同从飞机上鸟瞰地面上的明显标志一样，迅速获取文章大意或中心思想。换句话说，略读是要求读者有选择地进行阅读，可跳过某些细节，以求抓住文章的大概，从而加快阅读速度。据统计，训练有素的略读者的阅读速度可以达到每分钟3000到4000个词。

阅读时，先把文章粗略地浏览一下，看看文章中是否有自己工作和学习所需要的或自己感兴趣的资料和信息，然后确定这篇文章是否值得细读。在查找资料时，如果没有充分时间，而又不需要高度理解时，就可以运用略读技巧。“不需要高度理解”并非指略读时理解水平可以很低，而是说略低于一般阅读速度所取得的理解水平是允许的。

一般阅读的目标是在保持一般阅读速度的条件下，获得尽可能高的理解水平，通常达到70%或80%.略读时，理解水平略低一些是预料之中的事，平均理解率达50%或60%就可以了。

略读有下列四个特点：

(1)以极快的速度阅读大量的材料，寻找字面上或事实上的主要信息和少量的阐述信息。

(2)可以跳过某个部分或某些部分不读。

(3)理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。

(4)根据文章的难易程度和达到的目的，不断灵活地调整阅读速度。

略读可以运用下列技巧：

(1)要利用印刷细节(typographicaldetails)，如书或文章的标题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、脚注、标点符号等，对书和文章进行预测略读(previewskimming)。预测略读要了解作者的思路、文章方式(模式)，以便把握大意，有关的细节及其相互关系。

(2)以一般阅读速度(200～250wpm)，阅读文章开头的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意，背景情况，作者的文章风格，口吻或语气等。

(3)阅读段落的主题句和结论句。抓住主题句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去细节不读，以求得略读速度。

(4)注意转折词和序列词。转折词如however，moreover，inaddition等;序列词firstly，secondly等。

(5)若无需要，不必阅读细节。