雅思阅读定位训练

雅思阅读定位训练。定位段落主题是我们在雅思阅读中必须掌握的一项技能，尤其是在雅思考试的文章中，更是必须迅速抓准主题句，提取文章主干，缩短雅思阅读考试时间，准确答题方向。下面是小编整理的雅思阅读定位训练，希望能帮到你!

雅思阅读关键词定位法

1. 特殊词定位法

什么是特殊的词?就是特别好找，一眼考生就能够从1000多字的雅思阅读文章当中找到的词。一般来说是名词优先，因为动词容易出现同义词替换，而形容词副词则往往可以省去。名词我们会优先寻找：时间，数字，大写等相对替换较少且较为好寻找的词，其中数字有可能会发生形式上的改变。考生需要注意的是，文章主题词和同题型重多次重复的词，不可以用做定位词，哪怕这些词再特殊，一旦全文都是，也就失去了定位的意义。

2. 关系定位法

如果题干当中没有比较特殊的词，我们可以利用关系来定位，题干当中如果出现of所属关系，那么原文当中一定也会有对应的关系存在，找到关系，也就是找到了答案之所在。如剑9第一套题的第一篇文章重的第四题，该题目并没有明显定位词，但是我们可以利用并列关系richand famous来定位对应原文中的fame and fortune.考生需要注意的是，定位关系是稳定的，但是关系词会发生变化，需要考生平时多做积累。

3. 夹心原则

考试当中，题目都是整体出现，我们可以利用和前后题的关系。比如说有三道题目，其中1和3可以找到，2题没有明显定位词，比较难找，那我们可以先找1题和3题，再在两题中间扫读查找第二题，如剑444页的2-4题，其中第二题和第四题比较好定位，第三题很难找，问的是什么越来越多，我们可以先解决2题和4题，然后在两题中间范围关系阅读，找看是什么越来越多，找到：agrowing interest in cultural identity.

4. 快速阅读抓文章结构法

这种方法适用于极度变态的难定位的题目。难定位主要体现在题目跨度大和逆序，遇见这两种情况，考生可以扫读每段首末句扫清结构，题目一般就可以迎刃而解了，具体考生可以参照剑9第二套题第一篇文章进行体验练习。

5. 特殊套题模式

段落matching--这个题考试时候建议最后做，因为后面细节题对他有提示。

List of headings--出现这个题目，该题型尽量先做，因为先做它对后面的细节题有提示。在真题当中，不乏出现了list ofheadings题，之后细节题定位变难的，但是通通都可以从该题型中找到线索。

6. 混合运用

在实践当中，以上方法并不是孤立存在的，考生需要混合运用，这样即可招招制胜，攻克雅思阅读。

随着雅思难度增加，定位也变的越来越复杂，希望考生能够灵活运用方法，让阅读为你的雅思分数做加法，早日和雅思考试分手成功。

雅思阅读段落主题快速定位怎样做

雅思阅读中段落主题句出现得最多的位置就是段首。

英语文章中最多的就是演绎型的写法，因为西方人喜欢开门见山，所以他们常常在雅思阅读文章中每一段的第一句话就先交代出这段话的主旨。这是最简单的，也是最常见的主题句位置，如下面这个例子：

As a child grows up，he learns how to behave in ways that is appropriate tothe society into which he is born. That is to say，he acquires the patterns ofbehavior that are accepted as normal in his society. This process of sociallearning is generally referred to as socialization. By socialization，then，wemean the process whereby individuals learn the rules，values and practices of thesociety in which they live.

上面这段话中的第一句就是对整体段落大意的一个介绍;从第二句话中的“That is tosay”可以看出来，第二句话是对第一句话的解释;第三句话中的“Thisprocess”也是代指的前一句话中的学习，成熟过程。而最后一句话也是对社会化的一个解释，所以也可以确定第一句话就是段落的主题句。

除了第一句之外，主题句也可能出现在阅读文章段首位置的第二句。那什么时候会出现这种情况呢?分成三种情况：

(1)当首句是问句时;

(2)当首句是过渡句时;

(3)当次句为转折句时。

在这些情况下，第二句话都会比第一句话更重要，所以主题句也更可能出现在第二句话中。例如下面这句话：

What then makes people left-handed if it is not simply genetic?Otherfactors must be at work and researchers have turned to the brain for clues. Inthe 1860s the French surgeon and anthropologist，Dr Paul Broca，made theremarkable finding that patients who had lost their powers of speech as a resultof a stroke (a blood clot(凝结) in the brain) had paralysis(麻痹) of the right halfof their body. He noted that since the left hemisphere of the brain controls theright half of the body，and vice versa(反之亦然)，the brain damage must have been inthe brain's left hemisphere，Psychologists now believe that among right handedpeople，probably 95 percent have their language centre in the lefthemisphere，while 5 percent have right-sided language.

第一句话提问：“如果不仅是基因让人们习惯于用左手，那还有什么原因呢?”我们能预测出，接下来这段话应该就会给我们介绍除了基因以外的其他原因。正好第二句话说：“其他的因素也起到了作用，研究者将线索转向人类大脑方面。”所以能确定，所谓的“其他原因”就是指的“人类大脑”，所以主题句也就是第二句话。

另外一个常出现段落主题句的位置则是段尾。

这种现象常出现在归纳型的文章里。所谓归纳型，则是先陈述现象，最后总结规律。因此这类的文章通常会出现一些总结性的词：Therefore/ Hence/Thus/ So/ Consequently/ Accordingly/ As a result/ As aconsequence;或者会出现一些研究报告类的词组The research findings/ the study/ the investigation/the analysis/ the evidences show/ reveal/ imply/ indicate/ suggest/ demonstrate/ prove that…;甚至有的会直接出现总结型主题句：In short/ In general/ All in all/ To sum up/ Insummary/ On the whole…我们一起分析下面这个例句：

The only species which demonstrated(证明，证实) near normal productivity(生产力)was Cassin's Auklet(卡森的海雀)，in which the value for 1998 exceeded the long-termmean by 16 percent. However， given that very few Cassin's Auklets attempted tobreed(生产，繁衍)，island-wide offspring(后代) production was extremely low. Inshort，these observations were quite similar，with slight variations，toobservations made on the Farallon(法拉龙) seabird community in other severe E1 Ninoyears.

在这段话的第一句中，我们就发现了刚刚总结过的一个关键词“demonstrated”，但是我们不难发现，这个地方是“demonstrated”是属于which这个定语从句中的，所以不是对整段话，甚至整篇文章的总结。所以排除了第一句话是主题句的可能性。第二句出现了转折，那我们又知道转折句后面的肯定比前面重要，所以接着往下看这句话。但是，看完这句话之后，我们不难发现，最后一句话用了一个总结型的句子：“Inshort”，所以一下就能确定该段话的主题句就是最后一句话。

掌握好这些判断主题句的方法能帮我们更快地确定雅思阅读段落主题，并节约雅思阅读时间，有更多精力放在做题上。在雅思阅读中能快速地帮我们解答的配对题，主旨题等!希望广大考生也能积极总结积累，不断进步。

雅思阅读学会在原文中“定位”题目

雅思考试备考是有技巧可循的，在学习掌握各种题型做题方法之前，首先要学会找到题目在原文中的位置，如果我们根本不知道题目出自何处?否则将无法应对!这需要我们做出准确定位。

例题：C7T1P1 Let's Go Bats

题型：information containing;summary;sentence completion

难点一：先做哪一种类型题?

我要求同时完成!如果三种题型分开完成，文章需要反复阅读几遍，我们知道，按照考试规定，一篇文章的答题时间为20minutes，如果分开答题，意味着你将无法完成。

难点二：三种题型顺序与乱序的关系?

如何判断它们之间的关系?我会在雅思逻辑阅读班教授给大家。在这个问题解决之前，大家应该知道information containing(1-5题目内部为乱序);summary(6-9题目内部为顺序);sentence completion(10-13题目之间为顺序)

A段出现题目为：

段落信息包含题目：information containing

2 how early mammals avoided dying out

3 why bats hunt in the dark

B段出现题目为：

段落信息包含题目：information containing

1 examples of wildlife other than bats which do not rely on vision to navigate by

C段出现题目为：

这个段落没有出题

D段出现题目为：

段落信息包含题目：information containing

5 early military uses of echolocation

摘要题目：Summary

In fact, the sensation is more similar to the way in which pain from a___6___ arm or legmight be felt. The ability actually comes from perceiving ___7___through the ears. However,even before this was understood, the principle had been applied in the design of instruments which calculated the ___8___of the seabed. This was followed by a wartime applicationin devices for finding ___9___.

E段出现的题目为：

段落信息包含题目：Information Containing:

4 how a particular discovery has helped our understanding of bats

完成句子题目：Sentence Completion

10 long before the invention of radar, _______ had resulted in a sophisticated radar-like system in bats

11 Radar is an inaccurate term when referring tobats because ______ are not used in their navigation system

12 Radar and sonar are based on similar _______

13 The word‘echolocation’ was firstly used be someone working as a ___

综上， A 段中出现题目：2,3

B 段中出现题目：1

C 段中出现题目：没有题目出现

D 段中出现题目：5;6---9

E 段中出现题目：4;10---13

此外， 我们还需要注意的是：

1)红色字体的段落信息包含题，1---5在文章中是乱序出现

2)绿色字体的摘要题，6---9在文章中是顺序出现

3)蓝色字体的完成句子题，10---13在文章中是顺序出现

雅思快速定位法之段落+词汇

段落定位要求考生在拿到一篇文章后，首先要对文章进行略读，读文章标题，每个段落的首尾句，掌握文章的大意，了解每段在讲什么，有助于下一步看问题的时候可以先确定这个问题的段落位置。

词汇定位要求考生在对文章略读后，看问题，并划出定位词。定位词在之前《雅思阅读之定位》一文中已经讨论过，主要是一些名词。结合对每段意思的掌握，确定好问题的段落位置后，再通过划出的问题中的定位词在段落中定位答案的最后位置。

我们以剑桥4 Test1 Passage2进行演练：

1. 略读题目和段落

Title: What do whales feel?

An examination of the functioning of the senses in cetaceans, the group ofmammals comprising whales, dolphins and porpoises.

从对标题的阅读中，我们可以了解到这篇文章要讲的是鲸的感官，the senses of whales.在这里我们可以预测下感官有哪些，同时可以对下面文章的内容进行预测。

Paragraph1:

Some of the senses that we and other terrestrial mammals take for grantedare either reduced or absent in cetaceans for fail to function well in water.For example, it appears from their brain structure that toothed species areunable to smell. Baleen species, on the other hand, appear to have some relatedbrain structures but it is not known whether these are functional. It has beenspeculated that, as the blowholes evolved and migrated to the top of the head,the neural pathways serving sense of smell may have been nearly all sacrificed.Similarly, although at least some cetaceans have taste buds, the nerves servingthese have degenerated or are rudimentary.

从首句的主干中得出一些感官在退化，消失或者在水中已失去了功用。紧跟在这句话后面的是个for example,说明后面再举些这类型的感官。最后一句以similarly开头，说明即使最后一句也是一个例子，然后是个名词taste buds,说到了味觉，用了degenerated,rudimentary描述这个味觉，rudimentary大多数考生不认识，但degenerated可以根据构词法推出是退化。

Paragraph2:

The sense of touch has sometimes been described as weak too, but this viewis probably mistaken. Trainers of captive dolphins and small whales often remarkon their animals’ responsiveness to being touched or rubbed, and both captiveand free-ranging cetacean individuals of all species (particularly adults andcalves, or members of the same subgroup) appear to make frequent contact. Thiscontact may help to maintain order within a group, and stroking or touching arepart of the courtship ritual in most species. The area around the blowhole isalso particularly sensitive and captive animals often object strongly to beingtouched there.

首句一看就知道这段是讲触觉，touch,并且发现有个but转折，在转折前说触觉有时被描述为很弱的，转折后说这是错误的，表明这段后面要具体证明这一观点。最后一句也是在具体讲解触觉这个感官。

Paragraph3:

The sense of vision is developed to different degrees in different species.Baleen species studied at close quarters underwater-specifically a grey whalecalf in captivity for a year, and free-ranging right whales and humpback whalesstudied and filmed off Argentina and Hawaii-have obviously tracked objects withvision underwater, and they can apparently see moderately well both in water andin air. However, the position of the eyes so restricts and field of vision inbaleen whales that they probably do not have stereoscopic vision.

读首句就可看出这段讲的是视觉。最后一句提到了baleen whales的眼睛位置限制了它们的视觉域，they probably do not havestereoscopic vision.

Paragraph4:

On the other hand, the position of the eyes in most dolphins and porpoisessuggests that they have stereoscopic vision forward and downward. Eye positionin freshwater dolphins, which often swim on their side or upside down whilefeeding, suggests that what vision they have is stereoscopic forward and upward.By comparison, the bottlenose dolphin has extremely keen vision in water.Judging from the way it watches and tracks airborne flying fish, it canapparently see fairly well through the air-water interface as well. And althoughpreliminary experimental evidence suggests that their in-air vision is poor, theaccuracy with which dolphins leap high to take small fish out of a trainer’shand provides anecdotal evidence to the contrary.

首句有on the other hand表转折，说明要和上段有联系，接着往后看又说到了眼睛的位置，这次说的是most dolphins andporpoises, they are not like the baleen whales, they have stereoscopic visionforward and downward.

Paragraph5:

Such variation can no doubt be explained with reference to the habitats inwhich individual species have developed. For example, vision is obviously moreuseful to species inhabiting clear open waters than to those living in turbidrivers and flooded plains. The South American boutu and Chinese beiji, forinstance, appear to have very limited vision, and the Indian susus are blind,their eyes reduced to slits that probably allow them to sense only the directionand intensity of light.

首句一读的话会发现一个重要的词汇habitats. 在这句之后又有了for example, 同时看到了vision,说明这段讲vision和habitats的关系。